Accepted answer
The practical consequence is that spot-testing one vial from a new supplier is better than assuming they are all the same.
The statistical foundation here is well-established, which is why sampling plans from decades ago are still valid.
For a quantitative result like content, the acceptable range determines how many vials you need to test to establish the lot complies.
Published data on lot homogeneity from manufacturers who sample multiple vials consistently find variation below the published specifications, suggesting the sampling plans work.
Worth noting that thermal excursions during shipping affect different vials differently, so the lot may not be homogeneous even if it left the factory that way.
If testing multiple vials, state how many you tested and why you chose those vials.