Put another way, the certificate is only as useful as the lot number, because without traceability it is gossip about someone else's material.
Test results from a material supplier are different from independent results in ways that matter for interpretation, even if both are accurate.
Comparison across certificates from different laboratories is almost never valid, even when the material is the same, because the methods are almost never the same.
The caveat is that a certificate is not a guarantee, it is a data point, and treating it as anything else is asking for disappointment.
The practical summary: check the lot number, ask for the method, and reserve judgement until you have both.
edited 23 Mar 2026 by aine_mulcahy — tightened the wording; no substantive change