Accepted answer
Put another way, a certificate without a method section is giving you a claim rather than a measurement, and claims are not evidence.
Lot number visibility is the first check, and it is the one most certificates fail — the number is not printed on the vial, or it is on the certificate but the vial is unmarked.
The certificate is a snapshot and nothing else — it tells you about the material on one day from one sample of one lot, and extrapolation beyond that requires logic.
Industry guidance on this topic is consistent because it comes from first principles rather than convention.
The caveat is that a certificate is not a guarantee, it is a data point, and treating it as anything else is asking for disappointment.
The practical summary: check the lot number, ask for the method, and reserve judgement until you have both.