Accepted answer
The short version: ask for the lot-specific certificate, check the method section, check the lot code ties to a vial, then spend a small amount and test it yourself.
The pre-order sequence: request a lot-specific certificate for the exact line, check that it names a lot code rather than a batch family, check that it carries the column, gradient and detection wavelength, and check the analysis date is recent relative to the lot.
The post-arrival sequence: inspect before reconstitution, photograph anything unexpected, confirm the lot code is physically on the vial, and submit a sample to an independent laboratory before committing to a larger order.
Published inter-laboratory comparisons of peptide purity routinely find spreads of half a per cent to a per cent on identical material, which sets a realistic expectation for agreement.
The caveat is that a good result on one lot is a fact about that lot. It is a prior for the next one, not a guarantee.
Ask for the lot-specific certificate before ordering. It is free and it is decisive.
edited 14 Jul 2024 by tobias_maartens — added a caveat about sampling